Pastoralism is a way of life based on raising and herding animals. It has been practiced for thousands of years in regions such as Africa, Central Asia, and the Middle East. People depend on animals for daily needs.

Herders raise animals such as sheep, goats, camels, and cattle for milk, meat, wool, and transport. Some groups move with their animals across grasslands or deserts, while others stay in one place part of the year. Camps and grazing areas change with seasons.

Pastoralism is studied in geography and anthropology. It is recorded through observation of communities, land use, and animal movement patterns.