Climate change refers to long-term changes in Earth’s climate patterns. These changes include rising global temperatures and shifts in weather over time. Scientists study climate change using many types of data.

Records from weather stations, ocean temperatures, and ice cores show that global temperatures have increased since the late 1800s. Changes can be seen in melting glaciers, warming oceans, and shifting rainfall patterns. Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide are measured in the atmosphere.

Climate change is studied by scientists around the world. It is tracked using global data from satellites, research stations, and environmental monitoring systems.