The Yuan dynasty ruled China from 1271 CE to 1368 CE. It was founded by Kublai Khan, a leader of the Mongol Empire. This was the first time all of China was ruled by a foreign dynasty.

The capital city was Khanbaliq, known today as Beijing. The empire connected China to a vast network of lands across Asia and Europe. Trade increased along routes such as the Silk Road, bringing goods and travelers from distant regions.

Records from travelers like Marco Polo describe life during this period. The Yuan dynasty ended when local forces overthrew Mongol rule.