Industrial Revolution was a period of major change in industry that began in the late 1700s. It started in Great Britain and later spread to Europe and North America. This period introduced new machines and ways of working.

Factories replaced many forms of hand production, and inventions such as the steam engine and spinning machines became widely used. Cities grew as people moved to work in factories. New systems of transportation, such as railways, also developed.

The Industrial Revolution is studied in history as a turning point. It marked a shift from manual work to machine-based production in many parts of the world.