Mali Empire was a large West African empire that existed from about 1230 CE to 1600 CE. It was founded by Sundiata Keita and grew into an important center of trade and culture. The empire controlled valuable gold and salt routes.

Mansa Musa, who ruled from about 1312 to 1337, became known for his great wealth and long journeys across North Africa. Cities such as Timbuktu and Gao became centers of learning, with libraries and schools. Scholars studied subjects such as mathematics and religion.

The Mali Empire is recorded in historical accounts and manuscripts. Its cities and trade networks are studied in African history.