Gupta Empire ruled parts of India from about 320 CE to 550 CE. This period is often called a “Golden Age” because of achievements in culture and science. Cities such as Pataliputra were important centers.

Mathematicians developed the concept of zero and new number systems. Scholars studied medicine, astronomy, and literature. Art and sculpture were also widely supported.

The empire declined after invasions around 550 CE. Its contributions are recorded in texts, artwork, and scientific writings from the time.