Kush was an ancient kingdom located south of Egypt in what is now Sudan. It existed from about 1000 BCE to 350 CE. The kingdom had important cities such as Napata and later Meroë.

Kush built pyramids that were smaller and steeper than those in Egypt. At one point, Kushite rulers controlled Egypt during the 25th Dynasty around 700 BCE. The kingdom was also known for ironworking and trade along the Nile River.

Kush is studied in history and archaeology. Evidence includes pyramids, tools, and trade records found along the Nile region.