Babylon was an important ancient city in Mesopotamia. It became well known around 1800 BCE under the rule of King Hammurabi. The city was located near the Euphrates River.

Hammurabi created one of the earliest written law codes, known as the Code of Hammurabi. Babylon was a center of trade, culture, and government. It was part of the wider Mesopotamian region.

Babylon is studied in history using written records and archaeological sites. Evidence includes inscriptions, buildings, and legal texts.